The electromagnetic acceleration of shells and missiles. Монография

The electrodynamic, electromagnetic and electrohydropulsive accelerating systems of objects are considered. The electrodynamic accelerators of electroconducting bodies are described. Their principle of action is based on the interaction of pulse magnetic field with currents induced in the accelerated body. To increase the pulse magnetic field we use the principle of electromagnetic cumulation of the initial magnetic field created by a superconducting coil. We give the concept of an electric acceleration of large objects having a weight of about 1000 kg till the speeds which are approaching to the space speeds. It is based on the combination of the conduction and induction principles of accelerating objects. It is shown that to increase the efficiency of a railgun we should divide the rail into separate electrically not connected segments and regenerate the energy of the magnetic field of a rail. We noticed in order to reduce losses in a rail it is reasonable to use the multilayered conductive mediums in the devices of current collection. For the induction accelerators with a continuous and step changing of the synchronous speed we consider a question about the control of inductor voltage at which the accelerator gets ideal properties. We investigated the question of the minimizing the length of a segmented accelerator. We consider the question of using the power characteristics of a spark discharge in liquid to accelerate the object.

Ким К., Карпова И. The electromagnetic acceleration of shells and missiles. Монография

The electrodynamic, electromagnetic and electrohydropulsive accelerating systems of objects are considered. The electrodynamic accelerators of electroconducting bodies are described. Their principle of action is based on the interaction of pulse magnetic field with currents induced in the accelerated body. To increase the pulse magnetic field we use the principle of electromagnetic cumulation of the initial magnetic field created by a superconducting coil. We give the concept of an electric acceleration of large objects having a weight of about 1000 kg till the speeds which are approaching to the space speeds. It is based on the combination of the conduction and induction principles of accelerating objects. It is shown that to increase the efficiency of a railgun we should divide the rail into separate electrically not connected segments and regenerate the energy of the magnetic field of a rail. We noticed in order to reduce losses in a rail it is reasonable to use the multilayered conductive mediums in the devices of current collection. For the induction accelerators with a continuous and step changing of the synchronous speed we consider a question about the control of inductor voltage at which the accelerator gets ideal properties. We investigated the question of the minimizing the length of a segmented accelerator. We consider the question of using the power characteristics of a spark discharge in liquid to accelerate the object.

Ким К., Карпова И. The electromagnetic acceleration of shells and missiles. Монография

The electrodynamic, electromagnetic and electrohydropulsive accelerating systems of objects are considered. The electrodynamic accelerators of electroconducting bodies are described. Their principle of action is based on the interaction of pulse magnetic field with currents induced in the accelerated body. To increase the pulse magnetic field we use the principle of electromagnetic cumulation of the initial magnetic field created by a superconducting coil. We give the concept of an electric acceleration of large objects having a weight of about 1000 kg till the speeds which are approaching to the space speeds. It is based on the combination of the conduction and induction principles of accelerating objects. It is shown that to increase the efficiency of a railgun we should divide the rail into separate electrically not connected segments and regenerate the energy of the magnetic field of a rail. We noticed in order to reduce losses in a rail it is reasonable to use the multilayered conductive mediums in the devices of current collection. For the induction accelerators with a continuous and step changing of the synchronous speed we consider a question about the control of inductor voltage at which the accelerator gets ideal properties. We investigated the question of the minimizing the length of a segmented accelerator. We consider the question of using the power characteristics of a spark discharge in liquid to accelerate the object.

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Dymnikov Alexander D., Glass Gary A. An Introduction to the Matrix Classical Theory of Field. New Formalism, Equations and Solutions

A purely mathematical matrix approach to the equations of the Classical Theory of General Relativity is developed. The absolute matrix of field is understood as the absolute electromagnetic-gravitational field matrix. The symmetric part of this matrix is the gravitational field matrix. The antisymmetric part is the electromagnetic field matrix. The equations for both these matrices and the metric matrix equation are derived. It is shown that the metric and field matrix equations are connected with each other. The general solution for the static spherically symmetric gravitational field is found. Two particular cases of the general solution are compared. One solution is the Schwarzschild metric. Another solution has no singularity as the Schwarzschild metric. It is shown that a second-order differential equation for the planar orbit is the same for both metrics, but the dimensionless energy (and an angular velocity) of the moving particle is different. The formulae for the minimum and maximum orbital velocity and for the perihelion precession of planets through perihelion and aphelion distances are given. The symmetric (gravitational) field matrix field and the solutions for the zero and nonzero invariant density are considered for the Friedmann-Lobachevsky model.

Васильев Борис Львович Электропривод. Энергетика электропривода. Учебник для ВУЗов

Дается анализ нормативной базы в области энергосбережении. Показана роль электроприводов в энергосбережении. Рассмотрены вопросы практического энергетического обследования электроприводов и обоснования технико-экономической, энергетической и эксплуатационной эффективности регулируемых электроприводов. Рассмотрены энергетические характеристики электроприводов с асинхронными двигателями и преобразователями частоты, показатели электромагнитной, электромеханической и энергетической совместимости электроприводов и их влияние на энергетику электропривода. Рассмотрены методы повышения энергетических характеристик электроприводов. Рассмотрены вопросы выбора асинхронных двигателей для регулируемых и нерегулируемых электроприводов, преобразователей частоты, тормозных резисторов и других элементов. Приведены примеры использования, структуры и состав оборудования современных электроприводов на промышленных объектах и в технических средствах топливно-энергетического комплекса. .Книга, представленная в виде учебника, предназначена для бакалавров и магистров, обучающихся по направлению «Электроэнергетика и электротехника» и других электротехнических и электроэнергетических направлений подготовки специалистов различных профилей и уровней. Может быть интересна специалистам в области разработки, проектирования и эксплуатации автоматизированного электропривода, энергосбережения. . .The analysis normative base in the field of energy saving are done. The role of electrical drives in energy saving are shown. The questions of practical electric energy inspection of electrical drives and rationale for choosing of technical, economical, energetically and operational efficiency controlled electrical drives are considered. The energetically characteristics of electrical drives with induction motors and frequency converters, parameters electromagnetic, electromechanical and energy compatibility and their effect on the energy electrical drive are considered. The methods improving the energy characteristics electrical drive are considered. The questions of choice induction motors for controlled and uncontrolled electrical drives, frequency converters, brake resistor, and other elements electrical drives modern electrical drives are considered. The examples use, structures and configuration equipment modern electrical drives at industrial facilities and technical tools of the fuel and energy complex are given. .The book intended for bachelors and masters students in the direction «Electrical power and electrical engineering» and other electrotechnical and electric power specialist training programmes different profiles and levels. The textbook may be interest specialists in the development, design and operation of the automatic electrical drive, energy saving and energy efficiency industry equipment. .

Васильев Борис Львович Электропривод. Энергетика электропривода. Учебник для ВУЗов

Дается анализ нормативной базы в области энергосбережении. Показана роль электроприводов в энергосбережении. Рассмотрены вопросы практического энергетического обследования электроприводов и обоснования технико-экономической, энергетической и эксплуатационной эффективности регулируемых электроприводов. Рассмотрены энергетические характеристики электроприводов с асинхронными двигателями и преобразователями частоты, показатели электромагнитной, электромеханической и энергетической совместимости электроприводов и их влияние на энергетику электропривода. Рассмотрены методы повышения энергетических характеристик электроприводов. Рассмотрены вопросы выбора асинхронных двигателей для регулируемых и нерегулируемых электроприводов, преобразователей частоты, тормозных резисторов и других элементов. Приведены примеры использования, структуры и состав оборудования современных электроприводов на промышленных объектах и в технических средствах топливно-энергетического комплекса. .Книга, представленная в виде учебника, предназначена для бакалавров и магистров, обучающихся по направлению «Электроэнергетика и электротехника» и других электротехнических и электроэнергетических направлений подготовки специалистов различных профилей и уровней. Может быть интересна специалистам в области разработки, проектирования и эксплуатации автоматизированного электропривода, энергосбережения. . .The analysis normative base in the field of energy saving are done. The role of electrical drives in energy saving are shown. The questions of practical electric energy inspection of electrical drives and rationale for choosing of technical, economical, energetically and operational efficiency controlled electrical drives are considered. The energetically characteristics of electrical drives with induction motors and frequency converters, parameters electromagnetic, electromechanical and energy compatibility and their effect on the energy electrical drive are considered. The methods improving the energy characteristics electrical drive are considered. The questions of choice induction motors for controlled and uncontrolled electrical drives, frequency converters, brake resistor, and other elements electrical drives modern electrical drives are considered. The examples use, structures and configuration equipment modern electrical drives at industrial facilities and technical tools of the fuel and energy complex are given. .The book intended for bachelors and masters students in the direction «Electrical power and electrical engineering» and other electrotechnical and electric power specialist training programmes different profiles and levels. The textbook may be interest specialists in the development, design and operation of the automatic electrical drive, energy saving and energy efficiency industry equipment. .

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Nation I.S.P. Learning Vocabulary in Another Language

Vocabulary is now well recognized as an important focus in language teaching and learning. Now in its third edition, this book provides an engaging, authoritative guide to the teaching and learning of vocabulary in another language. It contains descriptions of numerous vocabulary learning strategies, which are supported by reference to experimental research, case studies, and teaching experience. It also describes what vocabulary learners need to know to be effective language users. This new edition has been updated to incorporate the wealth of research that has come out of the past decade. It also includes a new chapter on out of-classroom learning, which explores the effect of the Internet and electronic resources on learning. This vital resource for all vocabulary researchers shows that by taking a systematic approach to vocabulary learning, teachers can make the best use of class time and help learners get the best return for their learning effort. Covers over one hundred years of research on vocabulary and critically assesses what we know and what we need to know about the field Based around a small set of well-supported principles of learning Revised and updated, including a new chapter on out-of-class learning